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* Security Validation Library
*
* Provides input validation and sanitization utilities
* to prevent XSS, SQL injection, and other attacks.
*/
import { z } from 'zod';
// ============================================================================
// Sanitization Functions
// ============================================================================
/**
* Simple HTML entity encoding for server-side sanitization
* This is a lightweight alternative to DOMPurify for server-side use
*/
function escapeHtml(str: string): string {
const htmlEntities: Record<string, string> = {
'&': '&',
'<': '<',
'>': '>',
'"': '"',
"'": ''',
'/': '/',
};
return str.replace(/[&<>"'/]/g, (char) => htmlEntities[char] || char);
}
/**
* Strip all HTML tags from a string (server-safe)
*/
function stripHtmlTags(str: string): string {
// Remove HTML tags, keeping text content
return str
.replace(/<script\b[^<]*(?:(?!<\/script>)<[^<]*)*<\/script>/gi, '') // Remove script tags and content
.replace(/<style\b[^<]*(?:(?!<\/style>)<[^<]*)*<\/style>/gi, '') // Remove style tags and content
.replace(/<[^>]+>/g, '') // Remove all other HTML tags
.replace(/ /g, ' ') // Replace nbsp with space
.replace(/\s+/g, ' ') // Normalize whitespace
.trim();
}
/**
* Sanitize HTML content - allows limited safe tags
* On server-side, strips all tags for safety
* For rich HTML editing, use client-side DOMPurify
*/
export function sanitizeHtml(dirty: string): string {
// For server-side, we strip HTML for security
// Rich text editing should be done client-side with proper DOMPurify
return escapeHtml(stripHtmlTags(dirty));
}
/**
* Sanitize plain text - removes all HTML
*/
export function sanitizeText(dirty: string): string {
return stripHtmlTags(dirty);
}
/**
* Remove potentially dangerous characters from search queries
*/
export function sanitizeSearchQuery(query: string): string {
return query.replace(/[<>'"`;\\]/g, '').trim();
}
/**
* Escape string for SQL LIKE queries (prevents injection via wildcards)
*/
export function escapeLikePattern(value: string): string {
return value.replace(/[%_\\]/g, '\\$&');
}
// ============================================================================
// Common Validation Schemas
// ============================================================================
export const schemas = {
// Identity
email: z
.string()
.email('Invalid email address')
.max(255, 'Email too long')
.transform((s) => s.toLowerCase().trim()),
password: z
.string()
.min(8, 'Password must be at least 8 characters')
.max(128, 'Password too long')
.regex(/[A-Z]/, 'Password must contain at least one uppercase letter')
.regex(/[a-z]/, 'Password must contain at least one lowercase letter')
.regex(/[0-9]/, 'Password must contain at least one number')
.regex(/[^A-Za-z0-9]/, 'Password must contain at least one special character'),
username: z
.string()
.min(3, 'Username must be at least 3 characters')
.max(30, 'Username too long')
.regex(
/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$/,
'Username can only contain letters, numbers, underscores, and hyphens'
),
// Contact
phone: z
.string()
.regex(/^\+?[1-9]\d{1,14}$/, 'Invalid phone number format')
.optional(),
// Identifiers
uuid: z.string().uuid('Invalid ID format'),
cuid: z.string().regex(/^c[a-z0-9]{24}$/, 'Invalid ID format'),
slug: z
.string()
.min(1)
.max(100)
.regex(/^[a-z0-9]+(?:-[a-z0-9]+)*$/, 'Invalid slug format'),
// URLs
url: z.string().url('Invalid URL').max(2048, 'URL too long'),
// Commerce
price: z
.number()
.min(0, 'Price cannot be negative')
.max(1000000, 'Price too high')
.multipleOf(0.01, 'Price must have at most 2 decimal places'),
quantity: z
.number()
.int('Quantity must be a whole number')
.min(0, 'Quantity cannot be negative')
.max(10000, 'Quantity too high'),
rating: z
.number()
.min(1, 'Rating must be at least 1')
.max(5, 'Rating cannot exceed 5'),
// Text fields with sanitization
name: z
.string()
.min(1, 'Name is required')
.max(100, 'Name too long')
.transform(sanitizeText),
description: z
.string()
.max(5000, 'Description too long')
.transform(sanitizeText),
richText: z
.string()
.max(50000, 'Content too long')
.transform(sanitizeHtml),
// Search
searchQuery: z
.string()
.max(200, 'Search query too long')
.transform(sanitizeSearchQuery),
// Pagination
page: z.coerce
.number()
.int()
.min(0)
.max(10000)
.default(0),
limit: z.coerce
.number()
.int()
.min(1)
.max(100)
.default(20),
// Sort
sortOrder: z.enum(['asc', 'desc']).default('desc'),
// Date/Time
date: z.coerce.date(),
dateString: z.string().regex(/^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/, 'Invalid date format (YYYY-MM-DD)'),
// Address
address: z.object({
street: z.string().min(1).max(200).transform(sanitizeText),
city: z.string().min(1).max(100).transform(sanitizeText),
state: z.string().min(1).max(100).transform(sanitizeText),
postalCode: z.string().min(1).max(20).transform(sanitizeText),
country: z.string().min(2).max(2), // ISO country code
}),
// Security tokens
csrfToken: z.string().min(32).max(256),
otpCode: z.string().regex(/^\d{6}$/, 'Invalid OTP code'),
backupCode: z.string().regex(/^[A-F0-9]{8}$/, 'Invalid backup code'),
};
// ============================================================================
// Validation Helpers
// ============================================================================
/**
* Validate request body against a schema
*/
export async function validateBody<T extends z.ZodType>(
request: Request,
schema: T
): Promise<z.infer<T>> {
const body = await request.json();
return schema.parse(body);
}
/**
* Validate query parameters against a schema
*/
export function validateQuery<T extends z.ZodType>(
searchParams: URLSearchParams,
schema: T
): z.infer<T> {
const params: Record<string, string | string[]> = {};
searchParams.forEach((value, key) => {
if (params[key]) {
if (Array.isArray(params[key])) {
(params[key] as string[]).push(value);
} else {
params[key] = [params[key] as string, value];
}
} else {
params[key] = value;
}
});
return schema.parse(params);
}
/**
* Safely validate and return result with error details
*/
export function safeValidate<T extends z.ZodType>(
schema: T,
data: unknown
): { success: true; data: z.infer<T> } | { success: false; errors: z.ZodIssue[] } {
const result = schema.safeParse(data);
if (result.success) {
return { success: true, data: result.data };
}
return { success: false, errors: result.error.issues };
}
// ============================================================================
// Request Schema Builder
// ============================================================================
/**
* Create a schema for API route handlers
*/
export function createRequestSchema<
TBody extends z.ZodType | undefined = undefined,
TQuery extends z.ZodType | undefined = undefined,
TParams extends z.ZodType | undefined = undefined
>(options: {
body?: TBody;
query?: TQuery;
params?: TParams;
}) {
return options;
}
export type RequestSchema = ReturnType<typeof createRequestSchema>;
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